• To date no studies have demonstrated

  2021-11-05

  

  To date, no studies have demonstrated any effect of obesity or inflammation on GPR109A expression in adipose tissue. Our findings demonstrate that HFD-induced obesity decreases adipose tissue GPR109A gene expression. Contradictory to our findings in adipose tissue in vivo, Digby et al. report that e

• br Action of GPR in metabolically active tissues In

  2021-11-05

  

  Action of GPR55 in metabolically active tissues In addition to being highly expressed by discrete brain regions, as described in Section 2, GPR55 is also expressed in a wide range of peripheral tissues, including spleen, adrenals and bone (Sawzdargo et al., 1999, Ryberg et al., 2007, Whyte et al.

• The relationship between increased GPR

  2021-11-05

  

  The relationship between increased GPR120 expression in the EDL skeletal muscle and systemic glucose control is yet to be investigated. However, if the increased expression of GPR120 correlates with enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, particularly the EDL muscle, this migh

• br Conclusion br Acknowledgments br Introduction

  2021-11-05

  

  Conclusion Acknowledgments Introduction The gyloxalase pathway is a well-conserved antioxidant defense system found in all cells of the body [1], [2], [3], [4]. The glyoxalase pathway facilitates the neutralization of highly reactive and oxidizing dicarbonyl molecules, with methylglyoxal (M

• After ischemia expression of transcription factors including

  2021-11-05

  

  After ischemia, expression of transcription factors, including products of immediate early genes, stress proteins and neurotrophic factors are also altered in CA1 neurons78, 79. These proteins are potential candidates for downregulating of GluR2 expression by reducing mRNA transcription or stability

• Nuclear export of GK has

  2021-11-05

  

  Nuclear export of GK has been reported to be dependent on a GK nuclear export signal (NES), mapped to residues 300–310 (Shiota et al., 1999). The assignment of a nuclear export signal common to both the liver and pancreatic GK isoform sequence suggests a possible reversible translocation of GK acros

• br Do the actions of

  2021-11-05

  

  Do the actions of GLP-1R agonists on the vascular endothelium account for GLP-1R agonist-mediated cardioprotection? The previous section highlighted the recent clinical evidence from cardiovascular outcomes studies supporting the notion that GLP-1R agonists confer cardioprotective actions in pati

• br Introduction The glucagon receptor GCGR

  2021-11-05

  

  Introduction The glucagon receptor (GCGR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor expressed mainly in the liver and kidney. Upon glucagon binding, it activates the stimulatory G protein (Gs) and increases cAMP level, subsequently transducing glucagon signaling involved in glucose, amino acids and lipid m

• Immunohistochemistry analysis shown ghrelin and GHSR a immun

  2021-11-05

  

  Immunohistochemistry analysis shown ghrelin and GHSR-1a immunostaining was located in the epithelial cells of ddhGTP and ducts throughout the lactation, strong immunoreactive cells were detected in L30, L60 and L120 stage. The distribution of ghrelin has been shown in many tissues, including mammar

• In addition to the robust

  2021-11-05

  

  In addition to the robust intracellular calcium mobilisation, DHA and TUG-891 also induced MMP-9 granules release and superoxide production, supporting a key role of calcium in bovine neutrophil defense responses (Burgos et al., 2011). Pisani et al. (Pisani et al., 2009) described a reduction of bas

• Binding of FGFs to FGFRs leads to receptor dimerization

  2021-11-05

  

  Binding of FGFs to FGFRs leads to receptor dimerization, resulting in the transphosphorylation of a tyrosine in the activation loop of the kinase domain. Subsequently, the activated FGFRs phosphorylate their intracellular receptor substrates, particularly FGFR substrate 2 (FRS2) and phospholipase Cγ

• In humans mutations in KDM A KDM B and KDM

  2021-11-05

  

  In humans, mutations in KDM5A, KDM5B, and KDM5C are found in patients with ID, implicating KDM5-regulated transcription in the development or activity of neuronal tissues (Vallianatos and Iwase, 2015). KDM5D is Y-linked, and its role in cognition remains uncharacterized. Mutations in KDM5C are the m

• br Introduction Regulation of transcription is a critical

  2021-11-05

  

  Introduction Regulation of transcription is a critical event of the embryonic development and epigenetic mechanisms such as histone modifications and DNA methylation appear important in mediating temporal changes, and differences among cells/tissues, of temporary stabilized transcriptomes (Mas et

• br Hippo Signaling in Autoimmunity An imbalance of

  2021-11-05

  

  Hippo Signaling in Autoimmunity An imbalance of T cell subsets, such as immunosuppressive regulatory T NU 7026 (Treg) and inflammatory TH17, has a key role in autoimmune diseases. Recently, investigations found that TAZ but not YAP enhances TH17 differentiation but attenuates Treg differentiatio

• Several studies have also shown that HK may

  2021-11-05

  

  Several studies have also shown that HK2 may be an important downstream Berberine hydrochloride of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and may contribute to the development of cancer [15]. In our previous study, we found AKT2 expression was positively correlated with HK2 expression in primary colon

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