• Ghrelin readily crosses the blood brain barrier Banks et

  2022-04-08

  

  Ghrelin readily crosses the blood cantharidin receptor barrier (Banks et al., 2002, Banks et al., 2008), and recent studies have identified central nervous system sites of action for ghrelin-mediated appetite and hyperphagia (Alvarez-Crespo et al., 2012, King et al., 2011, Schele et al., 2016, Skib

• Following optimization chemicals which were considered as th

  2022-04-07

  

  Following optimization, 31 chemicals, which were considered as the skin sensitizers and non-sensitizers in LLNA studies, were studied for their potential of β-galactosidase suppression (Table 2). The detailed information on test chemicals used were given in Table 1. With optimum cell densities, E. c

• br FXR FGF in the control of BAs

  2022-04-07

  

  FXR–FGF15/19 in the control of BAs synthesis The nuclear receptor FXR is the master regulator of BAs homeostasis, modulating their synthesis, sevelamer hcl and uptake [15]. FXR decreases BA de novo hepatic biosynthesis by reducing the expression of CYP7A1. At the canalicular membrane, newly-synt

• Fpr appears to be an indispensable component of the signalin

  2022-04-07

  

  Fpr2 appears to be an indispensable component of the signaling chain governing dendritic cell trafficking in allergic airway inflammation (Chen et al., 2010). The FPR3 agonist FL2 is chemoattractant for dendritic cells, but its biological role in vivo is yet to be defined. Within the inflammatory s

• Considering the fact that NADPH oxidase is

  2022-04-07

  

  Considering the fact that NADPH oxidase is the main source for paraquat and maneb-induced oxidative stress, we hypothesized that NADPH oxidase activation might contribute to dopaminergic neurodegeneration induced by paraquat and maneb through ferroptosis. To test our hypothesis, we investigated the

• mg115 Our present data together with other studies have

  2022-04-07

  

  Our present data together with other studies have shown that the communication of stroma and cancer cells via ECM-cell interaction led to the primary activation of FAK [41]. Here we propose a model depicting an important role of ADAM12-L in the regulation of ESCC invasion and metastasis. ADAM12-L ov

• It was then found that TAZ

  2022-04-07

  

  It was then found that TAZ, a YAP holomog, binds heteromeric SMAD2/3–4 complexes in a TGF-ß-dependent fashion, and is recruited to TGFβ response elements (Varelas et al., 2008). Knockdown experiments identified TAZ as critical for nuclear accumulation of SMAD2/3/4 complexes in response to TGF-ß, and

• br Materials and Methods A human skin SCC and HT

  2022-04-07

  

  Materials and Methods A431 (human skin SCC) and HT-297.T (human AK) cell lines were purchased from ATCC (Manassas, VA) and were maintained in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, 4 mM L-Gln, 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 1 μg/mL streptomycin. Human HK1 and HK2 plasmids we

• br Introduction Circulating tumor cells CTCs are cancer cell

  2022-04-07

  

  Introduction Circulating tumor 3X FLAG Peptide (CTCs) are cancer cells that have invaded blood vessels or lymphatics and are carried around the body by the blood. CTCs constitute potential seeds for metastasis because they can reach and implant into distant organs. The clinical importance of CTC

• Since we found miR b

  2022-04-07

  

  Since we found miR-15b-5p to be differentially expressed along the porcine intestine in 31 day old piglets in a former study [10], the entire miRNA family was analyzed in terms of interaction with potential target-genes. In silico analysis predicted miR-15 family members to target the hedgehog signa

• br Conflict of interest statements br Acknowledgements br In

  2022-04-06

  

  Conflict of interest statements Acknowledgements Introduction Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and is the major cause for cancer morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Age standardized incidence rate in India is 12.6 per 100 000 populat

• In addition analysis of the functional elements in the GnRH

  2022-04-06

  

  In addition, analysis of the functional elements in the GnRH promoter region also identified other transcription factor binding sites, such as those for GATA-1 and Oct-1. However, those sites were not further validated in this study. Nevertheless, it has been reported that transcription factors such

• br Experimental br Acknowledgments This project was generous

  2022-04-06

  

  Experimental Acknowledgments This project was generously supported by Grünenthal GmbH and IECB. We also thank the staff members of the technical platform of IECB and Grünenthal GmbH for their availability and their skills. Introduction Glucocorticoids (GCs) are essential steroid hormones t

• Since the late s synthetic GC

  2022-04-06

  

  Since the late 1940s, synthetic GC (e.g. prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone) have been used extensively in the treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and asthma, and for their immunosuppressant action in preventing organ rejection post transplantation. Cortico

• As ghrelin effects are suspected to be mediated

  2022-04-06

  

  As ghrelin effects are suspected to be mediated by a heterogeneous population of G-protein-coupled-receptors [2], [21], other so far unknown subtypes of ghrelin receptors differing from the classical GHSR-1a may additionally exist that might also mediate ghrelin effects on the heart. Thus, the real

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